Neonatal Emergencies
The most common causes of severe illness include sepsis, ductal-dependent congenital heart disease, and metabolic disturbance - Brit Long
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Neonatal Emergencies
Neonatal emergencies are not uncommon problems. They appear either at the time of birth, during the in-hospital post-birth period, or at home within several weeks of discharge. In all instances they present significant diagnostic and treatment challenges to the clinician, and must be taken seriously.
A classic pneumonic used by Neonatologists and Pediatric Emergency Physicians is “THE MISFITS.”
T-Trauma (nonaccidental and accidental)
H-Heart disease/Hypovolemia/Hypoxia
E-Endocrine (congenital adrenal hyperplasia, thyrotoxicosis)
M-Metabolic (electrolyte imbalance)
I-Inborn errors of metabolism (metabolic emergencies)
S-Sepsis…
Resources
The Sick Neonate
Neonates are a distinct population with physiological differences. The sick neonate in the ED is uncommon, but terrifying. Having an approach is the most important aspect. Rapid assessment and management is vital.
An Evidence-Based Review Of Neonatal Emergencies
It is easy to understand why the resuscitation of a neonate can be an intimidating and lonely experience for an emergency clinician.
Eliminating a silent killer — maternal and neonatal tetanus
Since 1999, there have been significant reductions in deaths: from 215,000 babies in 1999 to approximately 25,000 in 2018. Today, MNT has been eliminated in 47 out of a total of 59 at-risk countries. This success is owed to the hard work of all involved at global, regional, national and community levels.
Management of Common Newborn Emergencies
Although infection is the most reported cause of the ill appearance among neonates and young infants, there are other clinical conditions that have similar presentations and also represents serious entities of an unwell infant
Pediatric Resuscitation in 2015: Back to Basics
If the neonate remains in cardiac arrest, the new guidelines recommend continuous positive airway pressure before intubating. To avoid hypoxemia, resuscitation should begin with room air, advancing to 100 percent oxygen once CPR has been initiated. Titrate the oxygen if there is a return of spontaneous circulation.
Neonatal Emergencies
Neonatal emergencies are not uncommon problems. They appear either at the time of birth, during the in-hospital post-birth period, or at home within several weeks of discharge. In all instances they present significant diagnostic and treatment challenges to the clinician, and must be taken seriously.
Preterm Neonatal Resuscitation
Fair warning – though I am an emergency medicine physician, and prepared to deal with emergent situations of any age, I think there are very few of us who feel as comfortable with neonatal resuscitations as we do with critically ill trauma or cardiac arrest patients.
Neonatal Intestinal Emergencies
The differential diagnosis of vomiting is extensive. Though gastrointestinal obstruction should be considered, it is helpful to think about vomiting etiologies in other systems first
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